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added code to scrape twitter with selenium

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simplypower-bbj
2023-03-16 18:41:40 +01:00
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{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By\n",
"# import requests\n",
"# import pyperclip\n",
"from selenium_scraper import Twitter\n",
"from datetime import timedelta, datetime\n",
"from classes import Tweet\n",
"import traceback\n",
"import logging\n",
"from database import connect_mongo"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"0"
]
},
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"# reset database\n",
"# db = connect_mongo()\n",
"# db.drop()\n",
"# db.count_documents({'account':'@Maersk'})"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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" ('2011-12-11', '2011-12-21'),\n",
" ('2011-11-30', '2011-12-10'),\n",
" ('2011-11-19', '2011-11-29'),\n",
" ('2011-11-08', '2011-11-18'),\n",
" ('2011-10-28', '2011-11-07'),\n",
" ('2011-10-17', '2011-10-27'),\n",
" ('2011-10-06', '2011-10-16'),\n",
" ('2011-09-25', '2011-10-05'),\n",
" ('2011-09-14', '2011-09-24'),\n",
" ('2011-09-03', '2011-09-13'),\n",
" ('2011-08-23', '2011-09-02'),\n",
" ('2011-08-12', '2011-08-22'),\n",
" ('2011-08-01', '2011-08-11'),\n",
" ('2011-07-21', '2011-07-31'),\n",
" ('2011-07-10', '2011-07-20'),\n",
" ('2011-06-29', '2011-07-09'),\n",
" ('2011-06-18', '2011-06-28'),\n",
" ('2011-06-07', '2011-06-17'),\n",
" ('2011-05-27', '2011-06-06'),\n",
" ('2011-05-16', '2011-05-26'),\n",
" ('2011-05-05', '2011-05-15'),\n",
" ('2011-04-24', '2011-05-04'),\n",
" ('2011-04-13', '2011-04-23'),\n",
" ('2011-04-02', '2011-04-12'),\n",
" ('2011-03-22', '2011-04-01'),\n",
" ('2011-03-11', '2011-03-21'),\n",
" ('2011-02-28', '2011-03-10'),\n",
" ('2011-02-17', '2011-02-27'),\n",
" ('2011-02-06', '2011-02-16'),\n",
" ('2011-01-26', '2011-02-05'),\n",
" ('2011-01-15', '2011-01-25'),\n",
" ('2011-01-04', '2011-01-14'),\n",
" ('2010-12-24', '2011-01-03')]"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"# prepare date lists to redo on error\n",
"end_date = datetime.utcnow()\n",
"start_date = end_date - timedelta(days=10)\n",
"\n",
"end_date_list = [end_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')]\n",
"start_date_list = [start_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')]\n",
"while start_date.year > 2010:\n",
" end_date = start_date - timedelta(days=1)\n",
" end_date_list.append(end_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))\n",
" start_date = end_date - timedelta(days=10)\n",
" start_date_list.append(start_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))\n",
"\n",
"date_list = list(zip(start_date_list, end_date_list))\n",
"date_list"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stderr",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n",
"ERROR:root:failed extracting post url\n"
]
},
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"number of posts read: 25\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"def get_period(start_date, end_date):\n",
" # setup\n",
" account = 'Maersk'\n",
" try:\n",
" twitter = Twitter()\n",
" twitter.setup()\n",
" twitter._open_page(account, start_date, end_date)\n",
" db = connect_mongo()\n",
" # scrape\n",
" limit = 500\n",
" attempts = 0\n",
" while attempts < limit and twitter.unread_posts_available():\n",
" try:\n",
" content, elem = twitter.get_post()\n",
" except Exception:\n",
" print('an error occurred')\n",
" traceback.print_exc()\n",
" break\n",
" else:\n",
" # print(content)\n",
" t = Tweet(**content)\n",
" db_id = db.insert_one(t.as_db_dict()).inserted_id\n",
" # print(f\"\"\"inserted tweet from {t.time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')} with db id: {db_id}\"\"\")\n",
" attempts += 1\n",
" print('number of posts read: ', twitter.number_of_posts_read())\n",
" except Exception:\n",
" print('error occurred')\n",
" finally:\n",
" twitter.close()\n",
"\n",
"# now = datetime.utcnow()\n",
"# start_date = datetime(2023, 3, 1)\n",
"# get_period(start_date, now)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# keep scraping until all periods have been fetched without error\n",
"while len(start_date_list) > 0 and len(end_date_list) > 0:\n",
" start_date, end_date = date_list.pop(0)\n",
" try:\n",
" get_period(start_date, end_date)\n",
" except:\n",
" date_list.append((start_date, end_date))\n",
" print(f'retrying later due to error getting period: [{start_date}:{end_date}]')\n",
" else:\n",
" print(f'finished getting period: [{start_date}:{end_date}]')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "venv",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.10.6"
},
"orig_nbformat": 4,
"vscode": {
"interpreter": {
"hash": "1d532f3642617da00cbdbdc5ef98bd8d4ca226c95ac593ade79d8cbc880a2afe"
}
}
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 2
}
code/selenium_scraper.py
+296
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
import selenium.webdriver.support.expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement import WebElement
from pydantic import BaseModel, validator, parse_obj_as, AnyHttpUrl
from typing import Union, List
from datetime import datetime
from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO
import requests
import pyperclip
import logging
import time
import traceback
class Twitter(object):
def __init__(self):
self.webdriver = None
self.actiondriver = None
self.timeline_elem = None
self._read_posts_timestamp_list = list()
self._unread_posts_element_list = list()
@staticmethod
def _url( account: str, date_begin: datetime, date_end: datetime) -> AnyHttpUrl:
return parse_obj_as(AnyHttpUrl, f"https://twitter.com/search?q=(from%3A{account})%20until%3A{date_end.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}%20since%3A{date_begin.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}%20-filter%3Areplies&src=typed_query&f=top")
def setup(self) -> None:
# setup webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()))
self.webdriver = driver
self.actiondriver = ActionChains(self.webdriver)
def close(self) -> None:
self.webdriver.close()
def __enter__(self):
self.setup()
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
self.close()
def _update_unread_posts(self) -> None:
self._handle_popup()
elem_list = self.timeline_elem.find_elements(By.XPATH, """.//article[@data-testid="tweet"]""")
# elem_list = self.webdriver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[data-testid="tweet"]')
for elem in elem_list:
try:
elem_list = elem.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/time')
assert len(elem_list) > 0, 'failed locating time of post'
timestamp_str = elem_list[0].get_attribute('datetime')
except Exception:
pass
else:
# print('considering post with timestamp_str: ', timestamp_str)
if timestamp_str not in self._read_posts_timestamp_list:
self._unread_posts_element_list.append(elem)
# print('attached post to list')
else:
# print('post already in list')
pass
def unread_posts_available(self) -> bool:
if len(self._unread_posts_element_list) == 0:
self._update_unread_posts()
return len(self._unread_posts_element_list) > 0
def number_of_posts_read(self) -> int:
return len(self._read_posts_timestamp_list)
def _handle_popup(self):
elem_list = self.webdriver.find_elements(By.XPATH, "//*[text()='Not now']")
if len(elem_list) > 0:
elem_list[0].click()
def _accept_cookies(self):
self._handle_popup()
try:
elem = self.webdriver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[text()='Accept all cookies']")
elem.click()
except Exception:
logging.warning('failed accepting cookies')
def _open_page(self, account: str, date_begin: datetime, date_end: datetime) -> None:
url = self._url(account,date_begin, date_end)
self.webdriver.get(str(url))
# wait for popup to appear and click on 'not now'-button
try:
elem = WebDriverWait(
driver=self.webdriver,
timeout=60
).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located(
(By.XPATH, "//*[text()='Not now']")
)
)
except TimeoutError:
pass
else:
elem.click()
# click allow cookies
self._accept_cookies()
# identify timeline element
self.timeline_elem = self.webdriver.find_element(By.XPATH, """//div[@aria-label="Timeline: Search timeline"]""")
# update unread posts
self._update_unread_posts()
def _extract_account(self, elem):
self._handle_popup()
try:
elem_list = elem.find_elements(By.XPATH, ".//span[contains(text(), '@')]")
assert len(elem_list) > 0, 'failed locating account'
self.actiondriver.move_to_element(elem_list[0]).perform()
account_str = elem_list[0].text
except Exception:
logging.error('failed extracting account name')
account_str = ''
return account_str
def _extract_time(self, elem):
self._handle_popup()
try:
elem_list = elem.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/time')
assert len(elem_list) > 0, 'failed locating time of post'
self.actiondriver.move_to_element(elem_list[0]).perform()
datetime_str = elem_list[0].get_attribute('datetime')
except Exception:
logging.error('failed extracting post time')
datetime_str = ''
return datetime_str
def _extract_text(self, elem):
self._handle_popup()
try:
elem_list = elem.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/div[@data-testid="tweetText"]')
assert len(elem_list) > 0, 'failed locating text of post'
self.actiondriver.move_to_element(elem_list[0]).perform()
text = elem_list[0].text
except Exception:
logging.error('failed extracting post text')
text = ''
return text
def _extract_post_url(self, elem):
self._handle_popup()
try:
share_button = elem.find_element(By.XPATH, """.//div[@aria-label="Share Tweet"]""")
# WebDriverWait(self.webdriver, 15).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//div[@aria-label='Share Tweet']"))).click()
# self.webdriver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", elem_list[0])
# scroll to element
self.webdriver.execute_script(
"""arguments[0].scrollIntoView({behavior: "smooth", block: "center", inline: "nearest"})""",
share_button
)
# move mouse to element
self.actiondriver.move_to_element(share_button).perform()
# click element
share_button = elem.find_element(By.XPATH, """.//div[@aria-label="Share Tweet"]""")
share_button.click()
# wait for popup button to appear
share_button = WebDriverWait(
driver=self.webdriver,
timeout=10
).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located(
(By.XPATH, """//span[contains(text(), "Copy link to Tweet")]""")
)
)
# click button
# elem_list = elem.find_elements(By.XPATH, "//span[contains(text(), 'Copy link to Tweet')]")
self.actiondriver.move_to_element(share_button).perform()
share_button.click()
# paste copied url
url = pyperclip.paste()
except Exception:
logging.error('failed extracting post url')
url = ''
return url
def _extract_video_url(self, elem):
self._handle_popup()
try:
elem_list = elem.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'video')
if len(elem_list) > 0:
video_url = elem_list[0].get_attribute('src')
else:
video_url = ''
except Exception:
logging.error('failed extracting post video')
video_url = ''
return video_url
def _extract_post_images(self, elem):
self._handle_popup()
img_list = list()
try:
elem_list = elem.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'img')
if len(elem_list) == 0:
return img_list
# get image urls
image_url_list = [e.get_attribute('src') for e in elem_list]
# keep only media-related urls
image_url_list = [url for url in image_url_list if 'media' in url]
if len(image_url_list) == 0:
return img_list
# download image data
for url in image_url_list:
try:
data = requests.get(url).content
except Exception:
logging.error(f'failed downloading image: {url}')
continue
img_data = BytesIO(data)
img_list.append(img_data)
except Exception:
logging.error('failed extracting post images')
return img_list
def get_post(self):
if len(self._unread_posts_element_list) == 0:
raise ValueError('no unread posts to read')
# get element
elem = self._unread_posts_element_list.pop(0)
# prepare response
content = dict()
try:
# look for popup
self._handle_popup()
# scroll to element
self.actiondriver.move_to_element(elem).perform()
# get account
content['account'] = self._extract_account(elem)
# get time
datetime_str = self._extract_time(elem)
# print(datetime_str)
content['time'] = datetime.strptime(datetime_str, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ')
# get text
content['text'] = self._extract_text(elem)
# get post link
content['url'] = self._extract_post_url(elem)
# get video url
content['video'] = self._extract_video_url(elem)
# get image(s)
content['images'] = self._extract_post_images(elem)
except Exception:
traceback.print_exc()
else:
# add timestamp_str to list of read posts
self._read_posts_timestamp_list.append(datetime_str)
# print('sucessfully read post')
return content, elem
# def extract_tweet(webelement: WebElement) -> dict:
# post_time = webelement.find_element(By.XPATH, '//time').get_attribute('datetime')
# post_text = webelement.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[data-testid="tweetText"]').text
# # find images in webelement
# img_url_list = [elem.get_attribute('src') for elem in webelement.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'img')]
# # keep all images with url containing 'media'
# img_url_list = [url for url in img_url_list if 'media' in url]
# img_data_list = [requests.get(img_url).content for img_url in img_url_list]
# tweet = Tweet(
# time=post_time,
# text=post_text,
# images=img_data_list
# )
# return tweet
# def fetch_period(account: str, date_begin: datetime, date_end: datetime) -> List[Tweet]:
# # prepare url
# url = base_url(account, date_begin, date_end)
# # setup webdriver
# driver = webdriver.Chrome('../chromedriver_mac')
# driver.get(str(url))
# # wait for popup to appear
# elem = WebDriverWait(
# driver=driver,
# timeout=20
# ).until(
# EC.presence_of_element_located(
# (By.XPATH, "//*[text()='Not now']")
# )
# )
# # turn off notifications - click not now button
# elem.click()
# # click allow cookies
# elem = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[text()='Accept all cookies']")
# elem.click()
#